Israel Defense Forces Has a Special Alpinist Unit.Italian Army has the Alpini Corp with 16 Regiments.Hellenic Army - Greek Special Forces Command has a mountain ski warfare training center ( ΚΕΟΑΧ) on Mount Olympus for Marines and Commandos.French Army 27th Chasseurs Alpins Brigade.Finnish Army - All soldiers are trained in ski combat, and skiing is a part of standard required training for conscripts.Estonian Army - Conscripts routinely receive training in skiing and other winter warfare skills.Danish Navy - Slædepatruljen Sirius (Sirius Arctic Patrol) patrols Northern and Eastern Greenland.Austrian Army - Certain soldiers are trained in ski combat.Many nations train troops in skiing and winter warfare, including: One or two ropes hang from the end of a tracked vehicle such as the famous Swedish Hägglunds Bandvagn 206 or the Finnish Sisu Nasu and troops hang onto the ropes with their hands and ski-poles. Swedish, Finnish and Norwegian defense forces use skis in cross country skiing but also by pulling squads of soldiers with tracked transport vehicles or snow mobiles. Main article: List of mountain warfare forces The United States Army 10th Mountain Division was established and trained for ski combat. Ski warfare even extended to the Middle East where the Australian Ski Corps were deployed against Vichy French forces in the mountains of Lebanon.
The most common transportation for Norwegian soldiers during the Norwegian Campaign in 1940 was skis and sleds, and in Operation Gunnerside, paradropped Norwegian commandos covered a large distance using skis in order to reach and sabotage the heavy water plant Vemork at Rjukan in Telemark, Norway, which was being used by the Germans as part of their nuclear research programme.
The Soviet Union deployed 11 ski battalions, among other troops, in November 1941 to reinforce their defenses in the Battle of Moscow. In the Battle of Suomussalmi, two Soviet mechanized divisions (45,000 men) were annihilated by three Finnish regiments (11,000 men). Forested, rural terrain with no roads was used by Finnish ski troops with great success against the advancing mechanized Soviet troops. Ski troops played a key role in the successes of the Finnish war effort against the Soviet Union during the Winter War in 1939. Only nine Alpini regiments remain in service today, and only four still train every soldier in ski warfare: the 4th Alpini Parachutist Regiment, 5th Alpini Regiment, 6th Alpini Regiment and 7th Alpini Regiment. Most of the battalions were dissolved after World War I. Their purpose was to fight summer and winter in the highest regions of the Alpine Arch. Napoleonic Wars ĭenmark-Norway (though only Norwegian) ski troops were used against Sweden during the 1807–1814 Napoleonic Wars.ĭuring World War I the Italian Army raised 88 Alpini Battalions. In 1767, military ski competitions began. They were also used in 1452 in Sweden, and in the 15th to 17th centuries by various other Scandinavian countries. During the Battle of Oslo in 1161, Norwegian troops used skis for reconnoitering. Ski warfare is first recorded by the Danish historian Saxo Grammaticus in the 13th century.
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